Active longevity: 7 organisms that live longer than all

People always dreamed of eternal life, but even the most modern technologies cannot extend the existence of a person to the age of some clams or sharks. About the longevity of mushrooms and plants do not even have to dream. Vlad Gorbachev, author of the channel "Animal Book" in Yandex.Zena, "tells about the organisms who broke all records on life expectancy – maybe some of them will tell people the secrets of longevity.

Antarctic Sponge: 15,000 years

Sponges are very simple multicellular animals, they have no real organs and tissues. Such a primitive structure allows them to create almost the whole body of stem cells. As a result, one cell may give the beginning of any part of the animal. Even if you erase the sponge into the powder, each resulting cell will turn into a new sponge.

This amazing supercopebility allowed the Antarctic sponge to become a record holder on life expectancy among all organisms. Add a slow metabolism in cold water here. Thanks to this, the sponge body can exist up to 15,000 years.

Swedish spruce: 9561 year

One of the inhabitants of the Fulufiellet National Park has seen a lot. In its age, the invention was the invention of writing and the first space flights, the flourishing and the fall in civilizations, the epoch of the great geographical discoveries and the emergence of social networks. Spruce "Old Tikko" – the most long-lived woody plant, its age – 9561.

Usually, for measuring the age of ancient plants, scientists consider their annual rings, but in the case of the church-record holder I had to go for a trick. In order not to injure the deserved tree, experts took a small piece and conducted a radio carbon analysis. Even given the possible errors, it turned out that there is no equal wood in the world in the world.

But "Old Tikko" is not the only long-lived among plants. Many representatives of this kingdom live more than 100 years. The fact is that they have an educational fabric that allows to grow throughout life, as well as update old worn cells. In addition, plants can live almost infinitely, thanks to cloning themselves. The age of some colonies consisting of genetically identical organisms reaches 80,000 years.

Dark Open: 2400 years

Mushrooms are also able to surprise with their longevity and scope. They form multi-kilometer mushrooms underground, which help trees absorb nutrients from the soil. However, mushrooms do not always benefit plants.

Giant mushrooms of a darketer darketer settled in the Malurian State Reserve Oregon (USA). It covers an area of ​​more than 880 hectares and is considered not only one of the most long-lived inhabitants of the Earth, but also the largest organism. The secret of the success of the Ope of the Roschka is that he entangle the roots of the trees and slowly kills them. This parasite has already lived 2400 years!

Mollusks: up to 507 years

Most of the mollusks live no more than ten years, but two types broke all records of longevity. So, Gudak mollusk can live to 160 years old, postponing about 5 billion eggs during this time. He has almost no enemies, besides a long life promotes slow metabolism.

Another mollusk – Ocean Venus – lives even longer. The maximum registered age of Venus is 507 years. This is an absolute record among organisms that do not live by the colonies. It seems that both half a thousandths for him are not the limit. Mollusk studied by experts turned out to be at the surface by chance – it is not known how much it could live in a natural habitat at the seabed.

Greenland Shark: up to 300 years

Well known (including in Hollywood films) White shark can live up to 70 years. This impressive result will not be compared with the achievement of the polar Greenland shark: the duration of its life reaches 300 years, half of which falls on puberty.

Although most sharks of the heat-loving, the Greenland predator lives in water with a temperature to -2 ° C. In order not to turn into a layer, the polar sharks accumulate urea and protective substance Trimetylamininoxide. It slows down metabolism and increases life expectancy.

Greenland Kit: 200 years

Want to live long – go to the Arctic. Greenland whales, another inhabitants of the Arctic Waters, live more than 200 years. They became the only mammals that switched (or overlapping) two-month frontiers.

Previously, scientists assumed that these whales live about 70 years. But once the researchers discovered in the body of one individual Harpun tip of the beginning of the XIX century. Then biologists studied the amino acids in the eyes and teeth of China, finally obtained accurate data on age, which almost three times exceeded the initial estimates.

Man: 122 years

People also do not complain about Short-term Being: we live longer than most animals. This is generally a characteristic feature of primates: the age of chimpanzees reaches about 60 years, and the oldest man Jeanne Kalman died at the age of 122. At the same time, it is possible to document not far from all long-livers, so maybe the maximum life expectancy of people is even more.

The main cause of human longevity is associated with the development of the brain. Most of the energy in us goes to the food of this important body, which slows the metabolism with age. In addition, the complex brain allowed a person to manage the external environment, creating comfortable conditions for long life. Conclusion Simple: Develop the brain to live longer.

Another way to extend your life is to read more funny materials and smile more often. Here, for example, an article about why cats adore Valerian.