Genius Places: Kamchatka
If you have long wanted to meet the dawn on the shore of the Pacific Ocean, feel how the heart of the volcano beats, climb the clouds, rush faster than wind and try something new to taste – then you are exactly here!
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
This peninsula does not lead any road. This can not be reached by train, car or bus. You can get to Kamchatka only by plane, overcoming more than 8000 km (this is if from Moscow) and nine time zones.
Kamchatka Territory is part of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia. The region includes the Kamchatka Peninsula adjacent to it part of the mainland, the island of Karaginsky and the Commander Archipelago. In size, the land is equal to the square of Germany, Austria and Switzerland combined. Washed from the east by the Bering Sea of the Pacific Ocean, from the West – the Okhotsk Sea. Administrative Center – Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky City.
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky – one of the oldest cities in the Far East. He cozitally settled on the banks of the Avachin Bay, which is considered one of the largest, most comfortable and beautiful in the world. First of all, we go on a water trip on the present commercial vessel (it is also more scientific research). We learn what they are engaged in the ship, and at the same time we will look at the marine marine fauna, such as sea enemas, and try the marine analog of ginseng.
From the Avachin Bay in the XVIII century and the history of the city began. On October 17, 1740, the Second Kamchatka Expedition chapter was moored headed by Vitus Bering. This date is considered a day the founding of the Petropavlovsk port and the city of Petropavlovsk. Arriving ships were called the "Holy Apostle Peter" and "Holy Apostle Paul" (in honor of them Ostrog and called). And the saints Peter and Paul have since considered the patrons of Petropavlovsk. They have a monument on the embankment. Vitus Bering is devoted to a separate monument – a cast-iron stele, which was cast almost 200 years ago in St. Petersburg and brought here. Yes in this city in general on the monuments you can study the story. Now I have been somehow here the great traveler Jean Laperuz – and in honor of him the memorial stone was established. The most interesting thing is that in the world only three monuments of the famous Frenchman: one in France, the other in the Primorsky Territory and the third here, in Kamchatka. And the cannons on the shore of the bay stand in memory of the heroic defense of Petropavlovsk during the Crimean War.
Well … to visit Petropavlovsk and pass by the market? Impossible! Flounder? Her here are several varieties. Octopuses – with pimples and without. Icra is not just red, or salmon. This is a challenge, Keta, Nerker, Gorbow, Kizhuhu … Encountst – to the long road, easier – to eat now. Eyes run away!
Kamchatka and salmon – inseparable concepts. Even with their outlines of the peninsula resembles a huge fish. Due to the remoteness from the center of the Russian Empire, these seats remained a deaf outskirts, where they flowed their own, half primitive life. The main craft was fishing and reindeer herding, and the main transport – driving dogs and the same deer. Gradually, the sucked Russians mixed with the indigenous population (ITELENES, Cucci, the cakes, who inhabited these places since the Stone Age), the subethnos of the Russian people were formed – Kamchadaly.
Community "Children of the North". Indigenous peoples, riding dogs
You can get acquainted with traditions in the community of indigenous peoples of the Kamchatka Territory "Children of the North", near Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Here the traveler gets a complete picture of how the ancestors of modern Kamchadalov lived. Here is the light yurt, which was easy to turn and transfer from place to place. Put such, as a rule, women, while men hunted. And there is a growing facility – pantry. Here, for example, the reserves of dried fish – YuCola, which was harvested for the winter. Here, the skins dried in winter. Summer grass dried.
And there, in the tundra, well, no way do without deer or dog harness. So we got to dogs. The ability to make a circle-other in their company has everyone who found himself in the nursery – usually it enters the excursion.
Volcanic attractions: Vulcan Mutnovsky, Valley of Geysers, Having, Caldera Volcano Uzon
The highest acting volcano of Kamchatka, Russia and the whole Eurasian Klyuchevskaya Sopka has a height of 4750 m. Located in the central Peninsula near the village of Klyuchi, from Petropavlovsk is 600 km. It is at the foot of the Highest Mountain of Kamchatka who was born Russian volcanology. In 1935, the first in the country was opened in the country of the Observatory for the study of firewood mountains, which works to this day. But we will not go there – far. Ugo volcanoes near.
Traveling in Kamchatka, you need something to keep in mind. First, almost all routes begin in Petropavlovsk. That is, I went somewhere, returned to the capital of the peninsula, the Spirit translated, went further. Secondly, almost all attractions are difficult to reach and get to them or by helicopter, or on an SUV.
Here the Vulcan Mutnovsky is located in the south of Kamchatka, 80 km from Petropavlovsk. It seems close, but the path before this volcano is not simple. First four hours by car on volcanic off-road, then a couple more hours on foot on the stones. And here are constantly fogs and snow even in the summer. And you go, and under you then ice is ice, then the snow is last year, and under it – before last year. And so indefinitely. But one thing is the feeling of the "Years" standing under the feet.
Upstairs everyone welcomes the distinct sulfide sulfide. Already eye cuts. These are fumarols – holes through which hot volcanic gases come out. And, by the way, the fumurol fields of Mutnovsky are considered to be in Kamchatka the most large and very dangerous. Although the last eruption was quite a long time – in 1961, it is still a valid volcano. Here everything is hung, boils, bouffags. As if alive.
Another volcano in the south of Kamchatka is a walking, which is known primarily by its thermal sources. They are very many on the peninsula – 160 groups. So much nowhere in Russia is no longer. And all because there are volcanoes at every turn. And there are hot springs in hotels and recreation bases, as in the resort, the paratunk, and there are wild. Here Khodhatkinsky – just such.
Parit, hot water – 35-45 ° C – and useful, essentially, thermal, percent for 20 at least. Here, on the river, there are "Griffins" – Tanks with thermal water. The flow goes to the surface where it is mixed with conventional fresh water. Wishing to swim a lot.
If hot springs are characterized by only high temperatures, then geysers periodically also fond the boiling water. To admire them all tourists go to the famous All World Valley of Geysers. Get usually on a helicopter. From Petropavlovsk to fly one and a half hours, and this is already east of the peninsula.
In total, in the valley more than 40 geysers, and everyone has a name and individual mode of operation. And the frequency of eruptions from a plurality of factors, ranging from air temperature and atmospheric pressure and ending with the amount of rain and time of the year.
Not least from the valley there is no less awesome corner of nature – Caldera Volcano Uzon (Caldero is called a depression that was formed after the collapse of the vertex of the volcano). Caldera Volcanana Uzon formed 40,000 years ago, it is very ancient. She is also very large: the total area is 100 km 2 . Well, very picturesque. Especially in autumn.
Volcano Avachinsky and Kuril Lake: Evarads and Bear Hunting
Volcanoes are rightfully considered a business card of Kamchatka. They occupy the entire territory of the peninsula and are part of the Pacific Fire Ring. In total volcanoes here there are one and a half hundred, 24 of them – existing. Furged Mountains of Kamchatka mounted tourists from around the world – and not only fumarols and geysers, but also a unique animal world.
To see the beasts in the wild, go to the Avachinsk hill, this is one of the household volcanoes of Petropavlovsk. From the city just ride.
A very funny friendly beast lives on Kamchatka. Sens somewhere closer towards people and respects tourists, because they always have something to get used. Called eraggie. These agile comrades dig minks with a lot of underground strokes. So it is not yet a fact that the animal, hiding in one hole, from there it will appear. Probably the cause of fear – fox. They also prefer to live closer to man.
To get acquainted with other inhabitants of Kamchatka, go to the foot of Ilinskaya Sopov, on the Kuril Lake – look at the bear fishing. In the lake a lot of nurses, and the closures are going every year to enhance it. Kamchatka is generally called the most bearish corner of our country: bears in the edge of more than 10,000. It is about 5% of the number of all the brown bears in the world, or 15% – in Russia. Bears inhabit the entire peninsula, that is, live almost everywhere. Many have names. For example, Natalie is called employees of the Kronotsky Reserve in honor of the wife of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin – Natalia Goncharova. There is Cheburashka – it is clear for what is so named. There are also Kazan.
Kuril Lake – in itself Pride of Kamchatka. Like a lot here, it is also volcanic origin. Lake Crater and is inside the caldera. Funny. After a few days of staying in Kamchatka, the words "caldera", "Crater", "Geysers" gradually become familiar and it is already difficult to believe that quite recently you pronounced them with a trepidation of a schoolboy. However, as the word "ocean". Before him because here is hand.
The main value of the Kamchatka across the country is geopolitical. This peninsula gives Russia the opportunity to control huge expanses of the Pacific Ocean. And twice in history this opportunity almost lost. The first time – during the Crimean War, when the views in Kamchatka and the Avachinsk bay had the United Kingdom. And the second time the fate of the peninsula was questioned in 1920: then Vladimir Ilyich Lenin offered to give these lands to use America for several decades. Fortunately, in both cases it happened. Kamchatka is still ours – distant and mounted, wild and beautiful, real and unreal at the same time.
